Top 200 institutions in affordable and clean energy

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The leading 200 institutions ranked by article Share (Share) in affordable and clean energy related-output between 2015 and 2021. Also listed are each institution's energy article count (Count), proportion of energy Share relative to total Share (Energy %) and percentage of internationally collaborative articles (International articles %) in the field.

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Rank	Institution	Location	Share 2015–21	Count 2015–21	Energy (%)	International articles (%)
1	Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)	China	1,030.99	2,857	8.5%	44.3%
2	Tsinghua University	China	291.32	816	11.0%	46.1%
3	University of Science and Technology of China (USTC)	China	265.51	681	10.2%	38.3%
4	Peking University (PKU)	China	227.15	799	7.7%	39.8%
5	Stanford University	United States of America (USA)	219.63	506	5.0%	57.9%
6	Soochow University	China	208.07	358	16.0%	42.5%
7	Nanyang Technological University (NTU)	Singapore	199.62	405	12.1%	79.0%
8	Nanjing University (NJU)	China	177.11	390	6.7%	46.7%
9	Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)	United States of America (USA)	171.49	392	4.4%	56.4%
10	University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS)	China	168.51	929	7.6%	35.0%
11	Nankai University (NKU)	China	164.80	370	11.5%	34.3%
12	Fudan University	China	163.30	333	9.1%	41.4%
13	Max Planck Society	Germany	154.52	460	2.9%	79.6%
14	Zhejiang University (ZJU)	China	145.54	326	7.0%	51.5%
15	National University of Singapore (NUS)	Singapore	138.96	338	8.0%	71.9%
16	The University of Texas at Austin (UT Austin)	United States of America (USA)	138.26	265	7.6%	55.5%
17	French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS)	France	128.43	777	2.5%	80.8%
18	Georgia Institute of Technology (Georgia Tech)	United States of America (USA)	125.23	412	11.6%	83.5%
19	Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU)	China	125.03	317	8.2%	56.2%
20	University of Maryland, College Park (UMCP)	United States of America (USA)	124.56	250	10.3%	48.0%
21	University of California, Berkeley (UC Berkeley)	United States of America (USA)	121.15	449	4.4%	54.8%
22	Tianjin University (TJU)	China	116.68	352	13.2%	46.9%
23	Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres	Germany	113.43	486	3.0%	78.4%
24	University of Cambridge	United Kingdom (UK)	112.52	287	3.7%	81.2%
25	Jilin University (JLU)	China	110.40	236	11.7%	43.6%
26	Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL)	United States of America (USA)	108.34	445	8.7%	56.0%
27	Sun Yat-sen University (SYSU)	China	108.06	236	7.4%	35.6%
28	Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT)	China	107.73	216	15.4%	50.9%
29	King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)	Saudi Arabia	106.08	210	14.4%	76.7%
30	Northwestern University (NU)	United States of America (USA)	105.86	239	4.9%	47.3%
31	University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC)	United States of America (USA)	103.99	256	6.2%	51.6%
32	University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA)	United States of America (USA)	102.50	262	4.4%	66.0%
33	Xi'an Jiaotong University (XJTU)	China	101.88	246	14.7%	58.5%
34	Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST)	China	101.73	267	10.1%	45.7%
35	Argonne National Laboratory (ANL)	United States of America (USA)	99.80	390	12.5%	56.9%
36	Beijing Institute of Technology (BIT)	China	94.28	202	18.1%	29.7%
37	Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)	South Korea	94.08	181	8.1%	45.3%
38	Harvard University	United States of America (USA)	93.73	258	1.5%	61.6%
39	Beihang University (BUAA)	China	92.72	220	19.2%	46.4%
40	The Pennsylvania State University (Penn State)	United States of America (USA)	91.48	222	6.3%	54.5%
41	Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST)	South Korea	89.26	169	17.0%	46.2%
42	Dalian University of Technology (DUT)	China	89.26	159	15.2%	47.2%
43	University of Michigan (U-M)	United States of America (USA)	88.80	223	3.6%	44.4%
44	Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL)	Switzerland	88.33	178	5.3%	73.0%
45	South China University of Technology (SCUT)	China	87.84	197	11.7%	40.1%
46	Xiamen University (XMU)	China	85.06	218	7.6%	50.5%
47	The University of Tokyo (UTokyo)	Japan	84.29	218	2.6%	44.5%
48	Hunan University (HNU)	China	84.22	155	9.8%	45.2%
49	City University of Hong Kong (CityU)	China	82.73	217	18.2%	40.6%
50	Wuhan University (WHU)	China	79.57	171	6.3%	43.3%
51	Cornell University	United States of America (USA)	76.81	195	3.8%	46.2%
52	Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH Zurich)	Switzerland	76.44	195	2.8%	77.4%
53	Seoul National University (SNU)	South Korea	76.11	170	6.2%	48.8%
54	Beijing University of Chemical Technology (BUCT)	China	75.91	167	15.8%	43.1%
55	Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL)	United States of America (USA)	75.68	204	11.4%	47.5%
56	Yale University	United States of America (USA)	75.61	185	3.2%	58.9%
57	Shandong University (SDU)	China	73.61	170	8.8%	35.3%
58	Central South University (CSU)	China	71.15	148	15.7%	48.6%
59	Wuhan University of Technology (WUT)	China	70.28	158	28.9%	60.1%
60	University of Oxford	United Kingdom (UK)	69.54	184	2.2%	76.6%
61	University of Wollongong (UOW)	Australia	68.63	194	30.8%	91.8%
62	Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech)	China	66.26	143	13.5%	53.1%
63	University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB)	China	66.06	165	18.8%	41.8%
64	Sichuan University (SCU)	China	65.45	143	5.4%	58.0%
65	University of California, San Diego (UC San Diego)	United States of America (USA)	63.34	147	2.7%	51.0%
66	University of Toronto (U of T)	Canada	63.25	129	2.9%	78.3%
67	Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL)	United States of America (USA)	63.12	224	8.6%	57.1%
68	University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney)	Australia	62.63	160	6.9%	76.9%
69	University of Washington (UW)	United States of America (USA)	61.45	175	3.1%	66.3%
70	Purdue University	United States of America (USA)	61.01	142	5.9%	60.6%
71	Rice University	United States of America (USA)	60.30	144	7.8%	55.6%
72	Tongji University	China	60.24	184	8.5%	51.6%
73	Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU)	South Korea	58.56	138	10.4%	49.3%
74	Imperial College London (ICL)	United Kingdom (UK)	56.75	198	3.5%	82.3%
75	National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)	Japan	56.38	185	9.5%	74.6%
76	University of Waterloo	Canada	55.06	113	10.8%	76.1%
77	Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech)	China	54.80	172	6.9%	54.1%
78	University of Wisconsin-Madison (UW-Madison)	United States of America (USA)	53.96	146	3.3%	55.5%
79	The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST)	China	53.46	141	6.8%	39.0%
80	California Institute of Technology (Caltech)	United States of America (USA)	53.07	191	2.6%	58.6%
81	University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC)	China	53.04	153	19.8%	60.1%
82	Chongqing University (CQU)	China	51.99	130	12.4%	54.6%
83	East China University of Science and Technology (ECUST)	China	51.80	108	7.2%	45.4%
84	Zhengzhou University (ZZU)	China	51.68	231	11.8%	40.3%
85	Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL)	United States of America (USA)	50.55	201	10.0%	59.7%
86	TU Dresden	Germany	50.35	148	8.0%	73.6%
87	Beijing Normal University (BNU)	China	50.13	161	7.0%	47.8%
88	Donghua University (DHU)	China	50.07	112	22.8%	56.3%
89	The Hong Kong Polytechnic University (PolyU)	China	50.01	154	16.5%	37.0%
90	Columbia University in the City of New York (CU)	United States of America (USA)	49.97	133	2.3%	57.9%
91	Texas A&M University (TAMU)	United States of America (USA)	49.30	116	4.5%	49.1%
92	Princeton University	United States of America (USA)	48.79	119	2.7%	53.8%
93	The University of Queensland (UQ)	Australia	48.75	142	5.0%	75.4%
94	Kyoto University	Japan	48.50	150	2.5%	49.3%
95	Nanjing University of Science and Technology (NUST)	China	48.01	91	18.2%	39.6%
96	Shenzhen University (SZU)	China	46.55	169	12.2%	50.9%
97	Fuzhou University (FZU)	China	44.65	85	10.7%	31.8%
98	Monash University	Australia	43.55	129	4.9%	70.5%
99	University of Southern California (USC)	United States of America (USA)	43.18	88	4.5%	55.7%
100	Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL)	United States of America (USA)	42.84	146	6.4%	52.7%
101	Hanyang University (HYU)	South Korea	42.60	96	13.3%	58.3%
102	Shanghai University (SHU)	China	42.54	111	12.7%	56.8%
103	Southeast University (SEU)	China	42.50	97	8.2%	43.3%
104	University of Colorado Boulder (CU-Boulder)	United States of America (USA)	42.47	151	3.4%	55.0%
105	University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB)	United States of America (USA)	41.79	135	3.0%	56.3%
106	Leibniz Association	Germany	41.28	173	2.9%	78.0%
107	Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)	South Korea	41.03	117	6.1%	49.6%
108	Yonsei University	South Korea	40.83	96	6.4%	50.0%
109	Korea University	South Korea	40.43	125	8.9%	46.4%
110	University of Minnesota (UMN)	United States of America (USA)	40.18	101	2.6%	48.5%
111	National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)	Japan	39.30	124	7.9%	60.5%
112	Technical University of Denmark (DTU)	Denmark	38.85	95	7.2%	78.9%
113	Lanzhou University (LZU)	China	38.76	84	4.7%	35.7%
114	Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich (LMU)	Germany	38.07	113	3.0%	74.3%
115	The Ohio State University (OSU)	United States of America (USA)	37.56	81	3.6%	42.0%
116	North Carolina State University (NCSU)	United States of America (USA)	37.24	107	6.1%	49.5%
117	Drexel University	United States of America (USA)	36.31	93	19.2%	63.4%
118	Osaka University	Japan	36.19	82	2.7%	48.8%
119	Duke University	United States of America (USA)	35.68	105	2.5%	61.0%
120	Carnegie Mellon University (CMU)	United States of America (USA)	35.66	71	6.8%	45.1%
121	National Taiwan University (NTU)	Taiwan	35.54	99	5.7%	64.6%
122	Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU)	China	35.20	129	17.2%	53.5%
123	Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech)	United States of America (USA)	34.69	78	7.2%	39.7%
124	National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)	United States of America (USA)	34.67	174	3.9%	59.2%
125	The University of Manchester (UoM)	United Kingdom (UK)	34.39	107	3.2%	73.8%
126	University of California, Riverside (UCR)	United States of America (USA)	34.12	78	4.7%	48.7%
127	The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC)	United States of America (USA)	33.72	74	2.7%	54.1%
128	University of Pennsylvania (Penn)	United States of America (USA)	33.66	79	1.6%	50.6%
129	Tohoku University	Japan	33.45	91	3.0%	61.5%
130	The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK)	China	33.24	128	5.6%	35.9%
131	Uppsala University (UU)	Sweden	33.24	88	4.7%	79.5%
132	Delft University of Technology (TU Delft)	Netherlands	33.13	85	5.6%	82.4%
133	China Academy of Engineering Physics (CAEP)	China	33.12	97	14.8%	44.3%
134	U.S. Department of Defense (DoD)	United States of America (USA)	33.07	134	5.5%	38.1%
135	Henan University (HENU)	China	33.01	57	15.0%	42.1%
136	Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)	South Korea	32.55	123	11.7%	40.7%
137	Southwest University (SWU)	China	32.05	51	7.1%	23.5%
138	Nanjing Normal University (NNU)	China	31.92	74	11.5%	47.3%
139	Technical University of Munich (TUM)	Germany	31.88	104	3.1%	79.8%
140	Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)	Singapore	31.69	140	6.1%	79.3%
141	National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)	United States of America (USA)	31.69	93	16.6%	37.6%
142	Oregon State University	United States of America (USA)	31.58	70	8.7%	42.9%
143	National Research Council (CNR)	Italy	31.39	159	4.0%	84.9%
144	East China Normal University (ECNU)	China	30.95	92	4.1%	45.7%
145	Northeast Normal University (NENU)	China	30.93	57	10.3%	42.1%
146	University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU)	Germany	30.73	90	4.7%	78.9%
147	University of California, Irvine (UCI)	United States of America (USA)	30.53	93	2.8%	57.0%
148	Ghent University (UGent)	Belgium	30.49	64	5.8%	79.7%
149	Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)	Spain	29.97	157	2.0%	86.0%
150	Arizona State University (ASU)	United States of America (USA)	29.61	99	4.1%	55.6%
151	UCL	United Kingdom (UK)	29.17	130	2.0%	81.5%
152	The University of Adelaide (Adelaide Uni)	Australia	29.01	77	10.6%	85.7%
153	Institute for Basic Science (IBS)	South Korea	28.75	125	5.1%	49.6%
154	University of Technology Sydney (UTS)	Australia	28.73	67	19.3%	85.1%
155	Kyushu University	Japan	28.70	78	4.1%	67.9%
156	University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC)	United States of America (USA)	28.64	106	6.1%	33.0%
157	Washington University in St. Louis (WUSTL)	United States of America (USA)	28.41	58	2.0%	32.8%
158	Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS)	Russia	28.37	113	2.1%	81.4%
159	Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL)	United States of America (USA)	27.98	72	8.6%	55.6%
160	Technion-Israel Institute of Technology (IIT)	Israel	27.92	55	3.8%	60.0%
161	Linköping University (LiU)	Sweden	27.91	74	10.9%	83.8%
162	Technische Universität Berlin (TU Berlin)	Germany	27.71	78	6.5%	64.1%
163	Beijing University of Technology (BJUT)	China	27.49	67	14.5%	55.2%
164	Zhejiang University of Technology (ZJUT)	China	27.25	62	11.3%	58.1%
165	RIKEN	Japan	26.91	106	2.5%	57.5%
166	The University of Chicago (UChicago)	United States of America (USA)	26.66	130	1.7%	46.2%
167	The University of British Columbia (UBC)	Canada	26.14	78	2.7%	66.7%
168	Western University (UWO)	Canada	25.31	57	7.8%	84.2%
169	South China Normal University (SCNU)	China	24.83	76	10.7%	53.9%
170	University of Pittsburgh (Pitt)	United States of America (USA)	24.66	66	2.4%	66.7%
171	Guangdong University of Technology (GDUT)	China	24.20	64	17.0%	40.6%
172	University of Alberta (U of A)	Canada	23.97	56	3.4%	71.4%
173	The University of Warwick (Warwick)	United Kingdom (UK)	23.87	51	4.6%	51.0%
174	Brown University	United States of America (USA)	23.76	64	4.0%	59.4%
175	Hokkaido University	Japan	23.70	58	2.9%	50.0%
176	Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)	India	23.44	47	4.0%	27.7%
177	University of Houston (UH)	United States of America (USA)	23.33	66	5.7%	53.0%
178	Jinan University (JNU)	China	23.23	61	6.9%	39.3%
179	Chalmers University of Technology (Chalmers)	Sweden	23.23	61	6.5%	80.3%
180	Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST)	Spain	23.21	79	3.1%	82.3%
181	Vanderbilt University (VU)	United States of America (USA)	23.03	52	2.7%	50.0%
182	Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey (RU)	United States of America (USA)	22.94	62	2.5%	59.7%
183	The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)	France	22.74	172	3.3%	80.2%
184	Johns Hopkins University (JHU)	United States of America (USA)	22.63	73	1.2%	53.4%
185	Qingdao University (QU)	China	22.59	67	16.6%	47.8%
186	Michigan State University (MSU)	United States of America (USA)	22.59	93	4.0%	55.9%
187	Australian National University (ANU)	Australia	22.53	64	3.3%	82.8%
188	Nanchang University (NCU)	China	22.41	46	11.1%	32.6%
189	Shaanxi Normal University (SNNU)	China	22.36	52	7.4%	36.5%
190	Deakin University	Australia	22.35	47	20.6%	70.2%
191	University of Notre Dame (ND)	United States of America (USA)	22.05	49	4.9%	55.1%
192	University of Connecticut (UConn)	United States of America (USA)	21.86	52	5.2%	40.4%
193	National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)	United States of America (USA)	21.78	79	3.4%	43.0%
194	University of California, Davis (UC Davis)	United States of America (USA)	21.73	72	1.9%	52.8%
195	Eindhoven University of Technology (TU/e)	Netherlands	21.64	53	4.9%	64.2%
196	Aarhus University (AU)	Denmark	21.51	46	3.4%	73.9%
197	Tokyo Institute of Technology (Tokyo Tech)	Japan	21.25	63	2.2%	44.4%
198	The University of Sydney (USYD)	Australia	21.09	67	3.9%	85.1%
199	University of Delaware (UD)	United States of America (USA)	21.05	74	5.4%	58.1%
200	Nagoya University	Japan	20.74	59	2.2%	39.0%